It is said that the number of causes that caused crimes is equal to the number of persons who committed each of these actions or inactions. Maintaining a low crime rate is closely related to public safety, to the protection of the rights of individuals and legal entities, as well as states as a whole. Incomplete recording of crimes can lead to inadequate scales of criminal manifestations, ineffective measures to combat them, and distortion of knowledge about the development trends of various types of crime and crime in general. The work to prevent antisocial and criminal behavior, the various activities of professionals, the workload on the courts and the effectiveness of their work, and the prevention of latent crime are directly related to the safety and wellbeing in society.

Crime is a socially dangerous social and legal phenomenon. In the study of crime, past, present and future trends and patterns are considered and evaluated. The meaning of crime derives from the concept and definition of crime contained in the law, which defines what constitutes a crime and who is to be considered a criminal. Despite all the social complexity, the legal concept is mandatory.

Such a socio-legal science as criminology shows a special interest in crime, and for criminologists, for example, an arbitrary interpretation of crime phenomena is unacceptable. The science of criminal law also requires sociological research, so criminal law also investigates its problems from the standpoint of legal and social content, despite its difference from criminology. Criminology is a transition from sociology to the field of law, and from the field of law to sociology, but unlike sociology, it is a legal science. The fact is that in both cases, when studying processes, there is a clash with criminological problems directed toward the social life of people. Moreover, the actions of people and individual person are always in unison with the entire social livelihood of people and crime is no exception.

Complex processes of interaction, endless chains of connections existing between objects, which often make it difficult to determine the specific causes of a particular phenomenon, are considered. The difficulty is compounded by the fact that the most complex phenomena, such as crime, depend on many causes, varying in degree. An attempt to find out the full and specific causes is made by means of cause-and-effect understanding.

The study of crime examines the structure of the personality of the criminal, studies the structure of the grouping of personality traits, typological features of the antisocial orientation of the personality, determining factors, the nature of crime, geography.

The personality of a criminal implies the mental abilities of a person, the general views and beliefs formed in a person’s thinking, as well as the character of a person. The social type, the formation and implementation of criminal behavior, the mechanism of committing a specific crime are considered. A special task for specialists is the scientific and practical description, as well as the evaluation of what is under consideration. The aggravation of social problems unfavorably affects negative types of behavior, and also activates criminal behavior. The scale of social values of offenders includes the social prestige of the bodies that control criminal behavior and the attitude towards the offenders themselves. It is worth taking into account such joint problems as vagrancy, child homelessness, domestic conflicts, the shadow economy and other specific social relations. And the use of various psychotropic and psyche-shattering drugs becomes an additional incentive for criminal behavior. At the same time, the reduction of crimes accompanied by intoxicants and emotional states raises the question of rationalized crime indicators with sober calculation.

When considering the typological features of the antisocial orientation of the personality, the disdainful attitude to the personality of a person, as well as the disdainful attitude to the most important goods, are taken into account. Attention is paid to vested and self-centered views, individualistic and anarchic anarchic-individualistic attitude to various generally accepted values and social attitudes. A frivolous and irresponsible attitude to one’s duties is also seen as important.

Human is central in social, economic, political, as well as other relations and processes. And human rights and freedoms cannot be considered exclusively in the form of the interests and needs of individual people. The limits of freedom and human rights are the rights and freedom of another person or other people. The rights themselves can be perfect, imperfect such as solved through violence for the purpose of self-defense, as well as those rights that can be legally waived.

A person, groups of people, national and social life encounter needs with the rights that ensue out of them. Thus, a law is an expression in which the interpretation and understanding of a certain social aspect is briefly stated, the supposed sum total of norms and rules of behavior of all participants in the social process and relationships.

There is a close relationship between rights and obligations. Socio-economic, political and psychological stability implies that society is free to work and abilities that provide everything necessary, and the state is called upon and provides protection of these conditions. Freedom is elusive as long as each member of society does not have equal access to the full variety of life chances, and the lack of coordination of the understanding of political equality with the people is one of the important, acute problems. A person’s life proceeds both in view of the practical realization of his rights and freedoms and develops favorably by means of orientation towards creation for himself and others. Moreover, the prohibition of allowing harm to oneself and the public underscores the importance of human and state freedom, as well as the inextricable link with human self-preservation itself. Moreover, the prohibition of allowing harm to oneself and the public underscores the importance of human and state freedom, as well as the inextricable link with human self-preservation itself. Freedom is something that a person cannot share with anyone, and rights and obligations must be secured in advance and successfully for each person and group of people. Freedom is something that a person cannot share with anyone, and rights and obligations must be secured in advance and successfully for each person and group of people. Aspects of freedom include such dimensions of freedom as its physical, moral, religious, civil manifestations, and by defending his freedom, the individual defends the right to a decent life and defends his personal autonomy and sovereignty. Aspects of freedom include such dimensions of freedom as its physical, moral, religious, civil manifestations, and by defending his freedom, the individual defends the right to a decent life and defends his personal autonomy and sovereignty. A real threat to human freedom from other people, groups of people and the state gives rise to the human right to freedom. A real threat to human freedom from other people, groups of people and the state gives rise to the human right to freedom. Today, after reaching general agreement on human freedom in various parts of the world, human freedom has a very narrow and specific understanding. At the same time, the obligations that ensure freedom may differ among peoples in relation to specific historical, geographical, climatic, national, religious and other factors. A disdainful attitude to duties and refusal to fulfill them accompanies the growth of conflict and disharmony in society.

For example, the interconnectedness of the observance of the rights and maintenance of the obligations of migrants and the understanding and consideration of the rights and obligations of the host society are favorable for public life. In the absence of legal and mandatory freedom, the required changes presuppose that they are reflected in a legal norm and ensure a stable understanding accompanying non-conflict.

Human security is inextricably linked to human freedom. And an integral part of freedom for a person is psychological stability, which implies a psychological process that includes the interaction of a person with various factors, in which a person facilitates the healthy functioning of the personality. Resilience emphasizes the preservation and maintenance of physical and psychological functioning, otherwise the incapability or lack of knowledge of a person facing critical situations comes to the fore. It is instability that is described as the basis for a decrease in physical and psychological health, as well as a deterioration in the quality of life in various spheres.

Socio-psychological disadaptation of a person under threats and losses and other unfavorable conditions is closely related to a psychological crisis, while psychological security is determined by the abilities to conduct stable actions and the expression of social perception of the subject. Moreover, a psychological crisis can be accompanied by such defense mechanisms as denial, distortion of reality, actions at the subconscious level and, in general, subjective multi-layered perceptions of reality. Negative attitudes of specific individuals and groups in relation to social processes in such cases pose special concerns from the point of view of the realization of freedom both for specific people at risk and for society as a whole. A person’s previous experience does not provide a sufficient formed basis for overcoming obstacles and achieving important life goals. In a state of increasing crisis, people make attempts to change the environment, try to achieve the satisfaction of threatened demands, and when they do not succeed in solving the problem and resolving personal, interpersonal or group conflict, they can change their attitude and find some other subjective meaning for themselves. This phenomenon is well known in social psychology, each person relies on a certain ratio of external and internal decisions and approaches to changes in his life. At the same time, acute conflicts of freedoms may require special attention to maintaining the compliance with the rights and obligations of people.

Noted are such eight main coping strategies as confrontational coping, distancing, self-control, seeking social support, taking responsibility, avoidance, planning to solve a problem, and positive reassessment. A person endows his safe world with a certain set of meanings that is not specifically programmed, which is security for this person. Throughout his life, a person experiences changes and, accordingly, can change his approaches, attitudes and relationships.

Social perceptions of the rapid growth of corruption can be associated with necessity and poverty, and poor socio-economic conditions and opportunities, as well as the threat of loss of socio-professional status due to unemployment, can be associated with dependence, oppression, humiliation and fear. It is also described that the increase in destabilisation in society is expressed in the crisis state of the labor motivation system and a decrease in the index of subjective wellbeing. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account such similar in functional and substantive orientation security as cultural, ethno-social and informational. Also of interest is the deformation of the balance among intergroup social and economic interests.

It is the social stability of people that is associated with psychological safety. Social stability denotes such a level and nature of development that would be favorable for the functioning and transformation of both society as a whole and various groups of people, as well as responsible for vitality of institutions.

Individual complexity is often embedded in the biographical component of a person. Socio-psychological, socio-economic, psychological, and socio-pedagogical factors become special risk factors for personal and public safety. In general, the socio-psychological interpretation of risk is associated with the consideration of the features of individual and group behavior, the formation of the subject’s idea of the uncertainty of the situation, as well as the diffusion of responsibility for unsuccessful decisions and becomes closely related to the economic and psychological spheres.

Crime can be politically motivated, self-serving, violently egoistic, anarchic-individualistic, frivolous and irresponsible. And the criminals themselves can be consistently or situationally criminal, simply situational or accidental, unstable, as well as malicious or even especially dangerous.

A significant social and legal problem is represented by crimes related to acts characterized by violence, cruelty and aggression. They find their expression both in the form of physical influence and in the form of moral and psychological pressure on a particular person or group of people.

Corpus delicti may include such criminal acts as those directed against life and health, freedom, honor and dignity of the individual, sexual inviolability and sexual freedom of the individual, against property and against public safety. And the crimes themselves are divided according to the characteristics of motivation from the determining motive of violence to violence as a means of achieving some other goal. Murder and grievous bodily harm lead to irreversible and irreparable consequences, and together with the infliction of harm to health of varying degrees of severity and rape, they are difficult for relatives, friends, colleagues and society as a whole. Such experiences lower the threshold of personal security and violate the foundations of human relations. Special attention is also paid to murders for hire, committed to settle personal scores, eliminate business competition or opponents, and other violent decisions.

In cases of theft, robbery and extortion, greed related motives are most often the driving motivation. And a significant part of hooligan actions, despite the frequent connection with violence or the threat of its use, are primarily noted as aimed at violating public order. At the same time, hooliganism causes deliberate concerns due to its ability to precede more serious crimes, the formation and consolidation of antisocial orientation, as well as the stereotyping of violent behavior.

Personal security is related to the skills and abilities of a person not to create or avoid dangerous situations, as well as to act in opposition to threats and dangers. The observed degree of risk can cause significant mental stress and negative changes in mental states when interacting with a certain activity, making decisions and choosing the nature and direction of actions. The way out of a risky situation is accompanied by a high level of hedonistic tonus and avoidance of activation, as well as rationalisation of events, taking into account specific characteristics and risk factors. The interpretation of risk also takes place from the point of view of the relationship with various types of activity. Risks can be industrial, consumer, economic, for example, imply the observation of risk as an attributive property associated with young people.

It is believed that the physical, psychological, social and moral levels of security should be realised simultaneously. At the same time, the absolute absence of danger is an almost unattainable situation. Science notes that any human activity today, among other problems, is associated with threats of a technical, informative, communicative, emotional and other nature.

It also provides for groups of the population that are most often noticed in the perpetration of crimes in a specific territory or in some specific spheres of life. The object of general prevention can be a group based on its social status and type of knowledge, repetition, and the number of participants. In such cases, crimes committed among workers and non-workers, students and non-students, employees, pensioners are considered. Individual or group perpetration of a crime that takes place for the first time or repeatedly is taken into account.